Geography of India is a significant component of the General Knowledge paper in the CDS (Combined Defence Services) 2 2025 examination. Understanding the important physical features of the country is crucial for answering related questions accurately. This article highlights some of the key geographical features of India that CDS 2 2025 aspirants should focus on.
Key Geographical Features of India:
- Major Physiographic Divisions:
- The Great Himalayas: Its ranges (Greater, Lesser, Outer Himalayas), important peaks, passes, and their significance.
- The Northern Plains: Formation, major rivers, agricultural importance.
- The Peninsular Plateau: Central Highlands, Deccan Plateau, major rivers, and mineral resources.
- The Indian Desert (Thar Desert): Location, characteristics, and climate.
- The Coastal Plains: Eastern and Western Coastal Plains, their features, and important ports.
- The Islands: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep Islands – their location and characteristics.
- River Systems:
- Major Himalayan Rivers: Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra – their tributaries and significance.
- Major Peninsular Rivers: Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Mahanadi, Narmada, Tapi – their courses and significance.
- River Projects and Dams (important ones).
- Climate:
- Factors Influencing India’s Climate: Latitude, altitude, distance from the sea, monsoon winds.
- Seasons in India: Summer, monsoon (southwest and northeast), winter.
- Distribution of Rainfall and Climatic Regions.
- Natural Vegetation:
- Types of Forests in India: Tropical evergreen, tropical deciduous, thorn forests, mountain forests, mangrove forests – their distribution and characteristics.
- Important Flora and Fauna.
- Soils:
- Major Soil Types in India: Alluvial, black, red and yellow, laterite, arid, saline, forest soils – their characteristics and distribution.
- Mineral and Energy Resources:
- Distribution of important minerals: Iron ore, coal, petroleum, natural gas, bauxite, etc.
- Conventional and Non-Conventional Energy Resources: Coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydroelectric power, solar energy, wind energy, etc. – their distribution and significance.
- Population:
- Distribution and Density of Population in India.
- Major Demographic Characteristics.
- Economic Geography (Basic Ideas):
- Major Agricultural Crops and their distribution.
- Important Industries and their locations.
- Major Transportation Networks (Roadways, Railways, Waterways, Airways).
Preparation Strategy for Geography of India:
- Use Maps Extensively: Visualizing geographical features on maps is crucial for understanding their location and extent.
- Focus on Interrelationships: Understand how different geographical features influence each other (e.g., climate affecting vegetation, rivers shaping plains).
- Relate to Current Events: Be aware of any recent environmental issues, natural disasters, or developmental projects related to India’s geography.
- NCERT Books: Class 9th and 10th Geography NCERT books provide a good foundation. Class 11th and 12th Geography NCERT books offer a more detailed understanding.
- Practice Map-Based Questions: Solve questions that require you to identify locations or understand spatial relationships on a map.
By focusing on these important geographical features of India and adopting a visual and interconnected approach to your study, CDS 2 2025 aspirants can be well-prepared to answer the geography-related questions in the General Knowledge paper.
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